These conference proceedings contain a foreword by the editors, 26 papers of an international conference at Niedersächsisches Landesmuseum Hannover from 20th to 22nd May 2019, and a list of authors. The papers are divided into chapters on “Grenzgänger, traders and the last hunter-gatherers of the North European Plain” [16 papers on the interaction between Mesolithic and Neolithic communities] and on “Changing worlds - The Spread of the Neolithic Way of Life in the North” [10 papers on more general aspects of the Neolithisation]. The contributions deal with Mesolithic pottery, sites of the Swifterbant and Linear Pottery Cultures, palaeobotanical data, lipid residue analyses, the initial Neolithisation of the lowlands, Neolithic hoards, foraging in a changing landscape, intercultural interaction and impacts, paths of innovation, long distance contacts, mobility and migration, multiculturalism, the Rhine-Meuse Delta [Doggerland] from 5,500-2,500 B.C., the earliest metallurgy, a biological view of Neolithisation, the transformation 4,750-3,800 B.C., technical innovations, the Schöningen Group, Younger Neolithic causewayed enclosures, plant economy, and a Neolithic landscape preserved in a bog.